Critical illness insurance

Insurance that pays a lump sum if you’re diagnosed with one of the serious illnesses listed in the policy, such as cancer, heart attack or stroke.

Reviewed by Kyle Garrett, licensed insurance advisorLast reviewed October 2026. How we write

Critical illness insurance is a type of insurance policy designed to provide a lump-sum cash payment to the policyholder if they are diagnosed with one of the specific critical illnesses or conditions listed in the policy. This type of insurance is meant to help cover costs that are not typically covered by traditional health insurance plans, such as lost income, out-of-pocket medical expenses, and the costs associated with changes to lifestyle or home to accommodate a new health condition.

The illnesses covered by critical illness insurance policies can vary but often include life-altering conditions such as cancer, heart attack, stroke, kidney failure, major organ transplant, and multiple sclerosis, among others. The specific conditions covered and the criteria for diagnosis are detailed in the insurance policy.

Key features of critical illness insurance include:

  • Lump-sum payment

    Upon diagnosis of a covered critical illness, the policy pays out a one-time, tax-free cash amount directly to the insured. This payment can be used at the discretion of the policyholder.

  • Use of funds

    The benefit can help with medical costs not covered by health insurance, daily living expenses, debt repayment, or any other financial needs, allowing the policyholder to focus on recovery without financial stress.

  • Survival period

    Many policies require you to survive for a period after the date of diagnosis, set by the policy, before the benefit is paid out.

  • Underwriting

    The process of obtaining critical illness insurance may involve answering health questions or undergoing a medical exam to assess the risk to the insurer.

  • Policy terms

    Policies can vary in terms of the number of illnesses covered, the amount of the benefit, and the cost of premiums, which may be influenced by the policyholder’s age, health status, and lifestyle factors.

Critical illness insurance provides an additional layer of financial protection in the event of a serious health diagnosis, offering peace of mind and support during a challenging time. It’s essential for individuals considering this type of insurance to carefully review the covered conditions, terms, and exclusions of any policy.

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